Cluster 3
Litigation
Civil, criminal, administrative, labour and commercial procedure — from filing to supervisory review.
Administrative litigation
Citizens challenging administrative decisions: what can be challenged, time limits, and the competent court.
Cassation (supervisory review)
How cassation differs from appeal, the conditions for a protest, and the force of the resulting decision.
Civil appeal procedure
Appeal deadlines, who may appeal, and what the appellate court may change.
Mediation in civil proceedings
The mandatory role of mediation, exemptions, and the legal force of mediation records.
Civil procedure — overview
The core phases of a civil matter from filing through enforcement, and each party's role.
Criminal procedure — overview
The phases of investigation, prosecution, and trial, and an accused's rights at each step.
Evidence rules in Vietnamese courts
Accepted categories of evidence, each party's duty to produce, and the standing of digital evidence.
Filing a civil lawsuit
Filing packet, the receiving court, and common reasons a complaint is returned.
First-instance civil trial
Order of a first-instance trial; the judge's role, parties, and counsel.
Labor dispute resolution
From workplace conciliation to labor arbitration and courts — when to use each path.